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02. Criminal Law
Substantive Criminal Law
Substantive criminal law is the branch of law that defines the concepts of crime and punishment, determines which acts of individuals will be considered crimes and which penalties will be applied to these crimes. This title includes types of crimes (for example, murder, theft, fraud) and their penal sanctions. Substantive criminal law, which aims to protect social order and individual rights, forms the basis of criminal justice.
Statistics:
In 2023, the most common crimes in Türkiye were property damage and fraud. In addition, a 15% increase was observed in violent crimes. This increase increased the importance of crime prevention policies in order to protect public safety.
Important Subheadings:
Individual Crimes: Individual-focused crimes such as violence and theft.
Social Crimes: Acts that disrupt public order.
Procedural Criminal Law
Procedural criminal law regulates how a person who is alleged to have committed a crime will be tried, what procedures will be followed during this process, and how the right to a fair trial will be ensured. Evidence collection, arrest, interrogation, and court processes are the main elements of this title. The correct application of procedural rules is critical to ensuring criminal justice and preserving the rule of law.
Statistics:
In Türkiye, the caseload in courts has increased by 5% by 2023 and the average completion time in criminal cases has reached 250 days. This situation reveals the necessity of reforms to accelerate procedural procedures.
Important Subheadings:
Evidence Collection and Review: Determination of evidence in accordance with legal procedures.
Right to a Fair Trial: The rights of the accused and impartiality in judicial processes.
